Army Museum. Historical tour. H2 Plant
38.- Military instructions
Military instructions to the corporal and sergeant of the Popular Republican Army. Diptych illustrated by the painter, muralist and communist activist Josep Renau. During the Civil War, as General Director of Fine Arts, he commissioned Pablo Picasso to paint "Guernica." Their posters in support of the Republic show the typical flat inks and saturated colors of great expressive and symbolic force: the star, the flag, the soldier and the fist with a weapon.
15.- Swinging bridge over the Pasig River
Model of bridge over the Pasig River, Manila, Philippines, designed by military engineers in the 19th century
42.- Blue Division nurse uniform
Spanish sanitary daily outfit used during World War II. Related to Mercedes Milá Nolla, inspector general of the Women's Hospital Services of the Civil War, who created the Military Health Auxiliary Ladies Corps in 1941. Later, in command of a total of 146 nurses, she went to the Russian Campaign with the Spanish Volunteer Division.
16.- Fan with scene of the battle of Los Castillejos
This piece is related to the writer Emilia Pardo Bazán. The battle of Los Castillejos is represented, during the African War (1859-1860) and it is narrated how General Prim manages to increase the morale of the troops and defeat the enemy.
26.- Campaign Heliograph, La Fuente model
Optical communication instrument using Morse code. The mirror moves reflecting the solar rays that are received by the receiver. Used at the beginning of the 20th century in the Moroccan war.
22.-Queen María Cristina of Habsburg and her son Alfonso XIII
Royal portrait painted by Manuel Wessell de Guimbarda, with the queen holding King Alfonso XIII dressed in white in her arms. On the left the symbols of the monarchy, the scepter and the royal crown.
36.- Triangular emergency bandage
Triangular emergency bandage with educational drawings for placement.
14.- Annamite Flag, taken in Saigon
Annamite Flag taken in Saigon, former Conchinchina, current Vietnam on April 21, 1859 in the context of the Spanish-French campaign against the Emperor of Annam
43.- Microphone used by General Queipo de Llano
Unión Radio Sevilla equipment used during the Civil War. During the war, the radio stands out for its strategic importance. On the same day the conflict began and with half the city under arms, the military officer Queipo de Llano made the first of a total of almost six hundred broadcasts. Its purpose, to harangue the population, is one of the first examples of modern psychological warfare.
33.- Uniform of the Colonial Guard of Guinea
1908 uniform for the Colonial Guard of Guinea, with short pants, tunic with red shoulder pads and gold buttons. Black leather belt with three holsters and baldric.
37.- German Enigma cipher machine
Device designed to encrypt and decrypt messages. The first devices of this type date back to 1923, although it was not until shortly before the Second World War that German units made use of them. With 456,976 possible combinations, decoding them is one of the main challenges during the contest. General Franco acquires some of these machines for use in the Civil War, allowing communications between the General Headquarters, the military units and the two representations abroad: Rome and Berlin.
12.- Furniture from the Gunpowder and Explosives Factory (Granada)
This piece of furniture comes from the Granada Gunpowder and Explosives Factory. It contains a collection of products and artifacts from this factory and was made with the marquetry technique: inlay of noble woods and ivories. Since 1850 the factory was in charge of the Artillery Corps, whose emblem is located at the top.
28.- Queen María Cristina's balloon boat
Basket of the first hot air balloon of the Spanish Army. It receives the name "María Cristina" since according to tradition it was where the queen regent made a historic ascension in the Casa de Campo in 1889.
2.- Congreve rocket launcher
19th century rocket launcher, used in colonial wars.
1.- Model of the Gerona square
Made in the workshops of the old Royal Military Museum, it represents the French siege of the city of Gerona.
9.- Remington scarf
Printed military instruction handkerchief with the description of the Remington system rifle, model 1871. It details the parts of the weapon, the guidelines for its firing and cleaning, as well as its use in the Carlist Wars. The absence of military training and the illiteracy of the troops makes these pieces essential teaching resources.
29.- Warrior of soldier Marcelo Adrián Obregón
17.- Battle of Tetouan by Francisco Sans Cabot
Painting by Francisco Sans Cabot made in 1866, which represents General Leopoldo O'donnell during the battle of Tetouan, in the African War of 1860, where the Spanish troops achieved victory against the Riffian troops.
34.- Mountain troop skier uniform
Equipment especially suitable for snow due to the color and treatment of the waxed fabric. The Mountain Units were created by Royal Decree in 1899 by the politician and military man García de Polavieja. With precedents already in the 18th century, the headquarters was established in Jaca for the defense of the Pyrenean border, as well as recruitment with local people accustomed to the terrain.
23- Gala uniform of Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria
Spanish uniform of the Emperor of Austria and husband of Empress Sissi as colonel of the León Infantry Regiment No. 38. It is a gift from Alfonso country to which they went on an official visit.
Descent to floor H1
If you want to go down to floor H1, click [here](https://my.mpskin.com/tour/wbgtbw4px?play=1&sr=-3.04,.03&ss=24)
30.- Brigadier General Saturnino Martín Cerezo
Oil portrait of Brigadier General Don Saturnino Martín Cerezo, by Julio Barrera Díaz. Martín Cerezo was the officer who maintained the position of Baler, Luzon Island, Philippines, during the siege of the Tagalog troops, without having any news of the end of the Spanish presence in the archipelago. Only when he confirmed the withdrawal of the Spanish in the press did he sign the capitulation and returned to the peninsula with the survivors in 1899.
4.- Children's uniform
Gala uniform of infantry soldier, rifleman of HM Alfonso In the same display case there is a children's saber from the Toledo Weapons Factory.
39.- Schneider cannon model 1908, cal. 70 millimeters
Regulatory artillery piece used for teaching in the Infantry Weapon. He participated in the defense of the Alcázar of Toledo during the siege it suffered in the Civil War. It remained buried in the rubble and was recovered during excavations carried out among the remains of the building.
41.- Harley Davidson motorcycle
During the siege of the Alcázar, this motorcycle was adapted to serve as a wheat mill, replacing the wheels with a belt. It is possibly the 1933 model 45
Descent to floor H1 and Imperial Chapel
Click [here](https://my.mpskin.com/tour/wbgtbw4px?play=1&sr=-3.04,.03&ss=24) to go down to floor H1 and [here](https://my.mpskin.com/tour/9d8p8xq98m?play=1&sr=-3.13,.73&ss=18) to access the Imperial Chapel
35.- Soldier uniform of the Cazadores Tetuán Regiment 17
19.- Table and seat where the peace of Tetouan was signed in 1860
At this table and this seat sat the Moroccan plenipotentiaries who signed the Peace of Tetouan between Spain and Morocco on March 24, 1860.
11.- Height meter
Artifact to carve recruits when they joined the Army, full body, from 0.5 cm to 2 meters. It comes from the Provincial Council of Lugo and is from 1856.
24.- Commander Fortea's striped tunic
Uniform used by Spanish infantry officers in the Philippine colony, it is made of cotton to adapt it to the extreme climatic conditions of the area. Commander Fortea died heroically in the brawls caused by the uprising of the indigenous troops against his commanders.
13.- Armor of Sultan Datto of Iligan
Armor composed of breastplate, breastplate, backrest and skirt. The breastplate and breastplate are made with 50 plates of buffalo horn sewn to a base of buffalo skin. It belonged to the Sultan of Iligan, a Muslim leader who died in war in 1837. This type of armor was typical of the Muslim populations of the Philippines, who copied the designs of European armor.
8.- General Juan Prim's daily coupe saloon
General Prim y Prats, president of the Council of Ministers and Minister of War, was traveling in this horse-drawn carriage when he suffered an attack in 1870, as he was leaving Congress. Almost completely preserved, you can see the bullet holes from that day on both sides.
20.- Uniform of the medical captain Mr. Santiago Ramón y Cajal
Rayadillo tunic by D. Santiago Ramón y Cajal, from military health, along with the hat called jipijapa with national cockade and small gold button with the coat of arms of Spain from the first republic.
6.- Portrait of Captain General Espartero
Portrait of Captain General Baldomero Fernández Espartero
40.- International Brigades Pennant
Script given by the Madrid city council to this unit on the occasion of the first anniversary of the International Brigades in 1937. It is decorated with the bear and the strawberry tree, the mural crown and the triangular star. These units, made up of foreign volunteers from more than fifty countries, participated in the Spanish Civil War alongside the army of the Republic.
21.- Monocular microscope by D. Santiago Ramón y Cajal
Scientific instrument from the end of the 19th century. It has the added value of belonging to Santiago Ramón y Cajal, captain of the Army during the Cuban war. His research in the field of neurology would later be recognized with the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
10.- Case with surgical instruments
Wooden box with surgical utensils from the late 19th century. Curiously made in the Royal Weapons Factory of Toledo, this set is a testimony of the utensils used during war campaigns by military health teams. It contains tools for surgical interventions, such as forceps and scalpels, or a saw and a tourniquet for amputations.
3.- Portrait of Her Majesty Elizabeth II
Portrait made by Federico Madrazo y Kunz in 1850, wearing a turquoise blue dress. On a table, the scepter and the royal crown.
18.- Tent or tent of Prince Muley Abbas
Jaima taken by Spanish troops after the battle of Tetouan in 1860. It is a representation tent where high dignitaries are received. It was the scene of the signing of the treaty that ended the First African War, between Spain and the Sultanate. The document was signed by General O'Donnell and Prince Muley Abbas, brother of the Emperor of Morocco and general in chief of his troops.
7.- Plate dedicated to Emilio Castelar
Decorative plate with gold and silver inlays. It is a gift from the Artillery Corps to the politician Emilio Castelar as a token of gratitude for his reorganization. In the center the bust of Castelar, surrounded by four bas-reliefs: the French surrender before General Castaños; The Alcázar of Segovia, the transfer of the remains of Daoíz and Velarde, and the Royal Weapons Factory of Toledo.
31.- Fernando Primo de Rivera, by Benlliure
This sculpture was commissioned by Mariano Benlliure, master of nineteenth-century realism, as a tribute to the brother of the dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera. On the base the harangue to the troops of the Alcántara Regiment in the retreat from Annual is represented. He was decorated for his participation in this historic event with the Laureate of San Fernando that appears on the right.
5.- Civilian frock coat of Captain General Don Juan Prim
This is the frock coat he was wearing the day he suffered the attack on Turco Street on December 27, 1870. His left sleeve was destroyed as a result of the gunshots.
25.- Geneste-Herscher system disinfection oven
Model of one of the steam stoves used by the Military Health Corps at the end of the 19th century, purchased from the French brand Geneste-Herscher. It consists of a steam generator with a disinfection chamber called a "locomovil" and pulled by horses.
32.- Bust of Alfonso XIII
Sculptural portrait of King Alfonso XIII who posed on several occasions for the author due to the friendship that united them. Benlliure presents the monarch in an artillery uniform, whose insignia he wears on his neck, from which hangs the Golden Fleece. The opening of the hood gives volume to the figure and reveals the emblems of the four military orders: Santiago, Calatrava, Alcántara and Montesa.
27.- Cusachs battery output
Work of the Spanish soldier and painter Cusachs in which he manages to capture the hazy atmosphere of gunpowder smoke. Painted in 1896, the figure in the center is Captain Rodríguez de Rivas.
This plant is currently under construction. Sorry for the inconvenience.
You can go to the beginning of the historical tour, on the H1 floor, by clicking [here](https://my.mpskin.com/tour/wbgtbw4px?play=1&sr=-3.04,.03&ss=24) .
